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Dr. Lindzen, let me start with a quote. "The fact that the developed world went into hysterics over changes in global mean 
temperature anomaly of a few tenths of a degree will astound future generations." Well, you are of course familiar with the quote 
because it's yours. This is from an essay that you wrote in 2009. Well, it's now 2025.

I would have said much the same in 1990.

Really? How come?

It's a fair question. Where did this come from? And to be honest, I don't entirely know. Some of it began, I would say, already in 
1970. In 1970 already, the environmental movement changed to an emphasis on energy. You're too young to remember, but the first 
thing they were concerned with was, of course, global cooling.

Forgive me if I use this term because I think it's a very bad term - when they speak of the Earth's temperature, I have no idea 
what it means. I mean, I don't know how you take the temperature of the Earth. Are you going to average Mount Everest with the Dead 
Sea?

I don't know, but let me tell you, I'm confused because they are telling us that... 

The world is warming. What are they talking about? Do you have any idea?
Professor Lindzen says there is no such thing as Earth's temperature. Photo: Freedom Research.

I guess average temperature?

No, we can't average the Red Sea, the Dead Sea, with Mount Everest. What are they averaging?

So what are they talking about?

OK, the formal definition these days is they are taking at each station a 30-year average, looking at the deviation from the 30-
year average at that station, and that's what they're averaging. It's the average change over the globe.

Then they have the satellites. They are doing something else, because they are measuring a thick layer of the lowest 10 kilometers 
or 5 kilometers, and so they are averaging a temperature because they don't have a mountain, they don't have a valley, it's just 
air.

How do you compare them? I don't know. People are throwing around numbers. You suddenly have a public, they're listening, and they 
say: the temperature was up a tenth of a degree this year, and that's a record-breaking year. And you say, I can't tell a tenth of 
a degree if I take my temperature. The doctor doesn't care if it's 96.7 or 96.6. What are they talking about? But we're somehow 
assuming a tenth of a degree matters.

And it doesn't?

Does it matter to you? If the temperature changes a tenth of a degree now?

Well, we're doing this interview in Paris, and today in Paris it's quite a warm day.

Yeah, sure. But it's 20 degrees warmer than it was in the morning, or 10 degrees centigrade. And we survived.

So when somebody says that a change of a tenth of a degree, or when Guterres says if it changes a half-degree, we're finished as a 
species, this is an existential threat - people have to ask, what the hell are they talking about?

I have my thoughts as to why it is that educated people don't ask questions. For most of my career, I've been a teacher. You have 
some students who are really very good, but most are okay. They're not great. They're going to have jobs, they're going to do them 
reasonably well, and so on, but for them succeeding in school is mostly pleasing the professor. So, no matter how stupid the 
professor might be, they've learned to rationalize what the professor says. And so the skill that most people pick up at the 
university, I suspect, is the ability to rationalize any statement, no matter how ridiculous. So if somebody says a half-degree is 
the end of the world, they say: yeah, I can see that. The ordinary person does not have that skill. He knows a half-degree is 
small. You saw this with the farmers here (European farmers' protests - HS), the truck drivers in Canada (Freedom Convoy - HS). 
None of them believes this stuff.

What do you think about the academic quality nowadays in the US and Europe?

We're watching our universities self-destruct. It's outrageous. If you look at Harvard University... I graduated from Harvard, I 
taught there, I was a professor for a dozen years. They had a president, Claudine Gay, who wrote 11 papers in her whole life, and 
most of them were copied from something else. How did this happen? At MIT, we have a president, Sally Kornbluth. I'm sure she's a 
nice lady. She was a biologist at Duke University. She hasn't the faintest idea what she's doing. She needs to say she has some 
grand idea. So she's decided the grand idea is climate. She knows nothing about climate. What is the big problem she's dealing 
with? How to get the music department involved in the war on climate. I mean, it's absolutely crazy.

Thanks for reading! This post is public so feel free to share it.

Meanwhile, you know, if you're a young scientist or a working scientist... I'm retired, but if you're working today, you cannot get 
funding if you don't agree with climate alarm. You cannot publish if you don't agree with climate alarm. It's completely taken 
over. And I see this at MIT. I still have colleagues who are professors, who are still teaching, and they are coming to me and 
saying: "I don't know what to do. I don't argue that there can be warming, but this is not an existential threat." Steve Koonin 
(physicist Steven E. Koonin - HS) writes a book. He is looking at the UN IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reports. 
In the reports, you have many different sections. Only one deals with science. That scientific report never says that it's a big 
deal. It simply says, we're more likely to warm than to cool, and it'll be a few degrees, maybe. But nobody in those scientific 
reports is saying there's going to be extreme weather, or it's going to be flooding, or the world is going to end. Now, that's 
politicians. And the politicians have arranged the UN reports so that you do have one section on science, and then you have lots of 
other sections that are not on science that say crazy things. And so you say the UN says this, but it doesn't say it in the science 
section. They designed it so that they would have a platform for issuing crazy statements. That there would be one section that is 
the science that no one would read, but allows them to say they had hundreds of scientists working on this.

Some decades ago, you were also working with these scientific reports.

Yes, I was working with the IPCC, and you know it was absurd. In order to write three or four pages with two other people, we 
traveled around the Earth two or three times. There was a meeting in New Zealand, a meeting in Nairobi. And the three of us... 
There was a fellow called Pierrehumbert, who's today at Oxford (American geophysicist Raymond Pierrehumbert - HS). There was 
another guy from France. We all decided that we may not agree, but let's not say anything that we know is false. So the section was 
on what we knew about feedbacks. And it was a completely honest section. It was biased. We were told we couldn't attack models too 
much. But basically, what we wrote was honest. It said we didn't know what we were doing.

You can watch the video version of the interview here.

https://www.freedom-research.org/p/exclusive-professor-richard-lindzen


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