Davin News Server

On Thu, 2 May 2024 11:11:53 -0700,  Alan says...  

> To conflate the two, they both have to exist, loser.

Uhhh... no. That's what YOU'RE trying to do, with "bias = lies".

YOU imply bias means someone's lying, when you can't find the lie. 

LOL... in YOUR mind... they do. That's why I wrote it, stupid. 

YOU conflate the two.

Why Narcissists Aren't As Smart As They Think

Narcissists are less likely to use critical thinking processes that are 
important for solving problems and making sound decisions, new research from 
the University of Waterloo shows.

The researchers found that while many narcissists may perceive themselves as 
highly intelligent, critical thinkers, they are less likely to use important 
reflective thinking strategies when solving problems, Therefore, the high 
levels of confidence they have in their intellectual abilities are often 
misplaced.

Shane Littrell, lead author and cognitive psychology PhD student at Waterloo, 
said that while there is research connecting personality to behaviour, "our 
research takes a step toward understanding how personality is associated with 
reflective thinking."

As part of a series of studies investigating the relationship between 
narcissism, impulsiveness, and cognitive reflection, two types of narcissism - 
grandiose and vulnerable - were assessed. Grandiose narcissists feel more 
entitled, superior to others, and have higher self-esteem, while vulnerable 
narcissists feel more insecure, defensive, introverted, and have lower self-
esteem. 

In one study, the researchers recruited 100 participants from the United States 
and assessed their performance on the Cognitive Reflection Test, self-reported 
engagement in reflection, metacognitive insight, Need for Cognition, and 
intuitive thinking. In a later study, the assessments were repeated, with the 
additional examination of the impact of overconfidence on cognitive ability. 

"We found that grandiose and vulnerable narcissism are negatively associated 
with certain types of important reflective thinking processes," said Jonathan 
Fugelsang, who co-authored the study along with Evan Risko, both supervisors of 
Littrell and cognitive psychology professors at Waterloo. 

Their results confirmed that grandiose narcissists are significantly 
overconfident in their intellectual performance. "We also found that when 
vulnerable narcissists attempt to engage in cognitive reflection, they're more 
likely to find it a confusing and ineffective experience," said Littrell. 

The research has helped to identify the associations between narcissism and 
reflective thinking processes, which could have important implications for 
broader societal questions. "In light of recent events over the past few years, 
the impact of narcissism (and other more negative personality attributes) has 
seen an increased interest from the media and the public at large. So, we felt 
this study might help answer interesting questions related to that larger 
public conversation," Littrell said. 

"With this research, we are able to learn more about the various factors 
involved in critical thinking and decision making. The better we understand the 
things that can lead people to make poor decisions, the more we can help them 
make better ones," Risko said.